03 / NETWORK & WEB ASSESSMENT

Black-Box Penetration Testing

Assessed the target without prior source-code knowledge, moving from reconnaissance and directory enumeration to controlled command-injection validation.

NmapGobusterNcatLinux shell

Lab environment

EH vulnerable machine (192.168.56.105), Ubuntu 24.04 Attackbox (192.168.56.104), isolated vboxnet0 network.

Assessment highlights

  • Identified SSH, Telnet, HTTP and an undocumented service on port 6464 during full-port scanning.
  • Gobuster discovered WordPress, phpMyAdmin and other web paths.
  • Input fuzzing showed that the DNS utility accepted special characters without validation.
  • Controlled testing confirmed command injection and execution as the web-server account.
  • The assessment also identified weak filesystem permissions and exposed credential material in the lab target.

Security impact

The report demonstrates a complete attack chain from unauthenticated web input to interactive shell access in the deliberately vulnerable environment.

Recommendations

  • Remove shell execution from the DNS lookup feature.
  • Allowlist valid domain-name input.
  • Apply least privilege to the web service account.
  • Review exposed legacy services and sensitive filesystem permissions.
  • Monitor and log suspicious input and exploitation attempts.
Lab scope: This case study describes coursework performed against intentionally vulnerable systems in an isolated environment.

Case study

Download sanitized case study (PDF)

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